Ugc net / apset / ts set / ap rcet paper 1 ,phd entrance

Unit-I Teaching Aptitude

• Teaching: Concept, Objectives, Levels of teaching (Memory, Understanding, and Reflective), Characteristics, and basic requirements.

• Learner’s characteristics: Characteristics of adolescent and adult learners (Academic, Social, Emotional and Cognitive), Individual differences.

• Factors affecting teaching related to Teacher, Learner, Support material, Instructional facilities, Learning environment, and Institution.

• Methods of teaching in Institutions of higher learning: Teacher-centered vs. Learner-centered methods; Off-line vs. On-line methods (Swayam, Swayamprabha, MOOCs, etc.).

• Teaching Support System: Traditional, Modern, and ICT-based.

• Evaluation Systems: Elements and Types of evaluation, Evaluation in Choice Based Credit System in Higher education, Computer-based testing, Innovations in evaluation systems.

Unit-II Research Aptitude

• Research: Meaning, Types, and Characteristics, Positivism, and Postpositivistic approach to research.

• Methods of Research: Experimental, Descriptive, Historical, Qualitative, and Quantitative Methods, Steps of Research.

• Thesis and Article writing: Format and styles of referencing, Application of ICT in research, Research ethics.

Unit-III Comprehension

• A passage of text is given. Questions are asked from the passage to be answered.

Unit-IV Communication

• Communication: Meaning, types, and characteristics of communication.

• Effective communication: Verbal and Non-verbal, Inter-Cultural and group communications, Classroom communication, Barriers to effective communication, Mass-Media, and Society.

Unit-VIII Information and Communication Technology (ICT)

• ICT: General abbreviations and terminology, Basics of the Internet, Intranet, E-mail, Audio and Video-conferencing, Digital initiatives in higher education. ICT and Governance.

Unit-IX People, Development and Environment

• Development and Environment: Millennium Development and Sustainable Development Goals.

• Human and environment interaction: Anthropogenic activities and their impacts on the environment.

• Environmental issues: Local, Regional and Global; Air pollution, Water pollution, Soil pollution, Noise pollution, Waste (solid, liquid, biomedical, hazardous, electronic), Climate change, and its Socio-Economic and Political dimensions. Impacts of pollutants on human health.

• Natural and energy resources: Solar, Wind, Soil, Hydro, Geothermal, Biomass, Nuclear, and Forests.

• Natural hazards and disasters: Mitigation strategies, Environmental Protection Act (1986), National Action Plan on Climate Change, International agreements/efforts -Montreal Protocol, Rio Summit, Convention on Biodiversity, Kyoto Protocol, Paris Agreement, International Solar Alliance.

Unit-X Higher Education System

• Institutions of higher learning and education in ancient India.

• Evolution of higher learning and research in Post Independence India.

• Oriental, Conventional, and Non-conventional learning programs in India.

• Professional, Technical, and Skill-Based education.

• Value education and environmental education.

• Policies, Governance, and Administration.